One of the frequent complaints the doctor hears from patients, is a pain in the knees. What it does, you can't always tell right away, in fact, the knees can suffer from various diseases, one of which is the osteoarthritis of the knee. It is also known under the name of the knee, and represents a defeat of the joint, which door usually non-inflammatory in nature and contribute to the destruction of the cartilage, the deformation of the bones and the limitation of the movements of the patient.
The form
There are two main forms of the disease:
- primary. Appears due to the poor development of joints during the birth;
- secondary. You will receive as a result of certain diseases or injuries.
The primary form usually develops in childhood, and because of the unfaithful to the formation of the device of ligaments or joints. They during physical activity are subjected to loads and deformation.
The secondary form of the disease is caused by such factors as:
- injuries, bruises, sprains, dislocation, disease), which contribute to the deterioration of the structure of the bones, ligaments, cartilages. This is the cause of post-traumatic forms of the disease;
- the transfer of the operation of removal of the meniscus, which undermine the integrity of the structure of the knee;
- too high load on the feet (which is typical for athletes);
- excess weight, because it causes a lot of pressure of the mass of the body on the cartilage of the knee joints;
- arthritis (inflammation in joints). Lasted the disease is accompanied by the formation of excess fluid in the cavity which is at the origin of complications;
- the violation of functioning of the metabolism, which is the cause of salt deposits;
- the various deferred operation to the knee;
- the disease, which are characterized by long, muscle spasms, the muscles of the legs, or blood vessels.
The process of development of the disease may take one-way or two-way form. The trauma is likely to be the cause of unilateral osteoarthritis, and obesity, cause, double-sided.
Symptoms of the disease
Osteoarthritis of the knee joint symptoms occur gradually. The patient may the years not to know that one is sick, because visible to change the shape of the knee or of pain he did not. By doing this, the osteoarthritis of the knee joint, 1 degree is more often accompanied by unpleasant and painful sensations at the level of the knees, but this step makes a call to a doctor. More prone to this illness of the woman after the age of 40, who suffer from excess weight. Mainly promotes the development of the disease the presence of varicose veins. At this stage, it is possible to cure the disease at home, even without the use of drugs and ointments.
The sensation of pain during the disease are not instantaneous, and come gradually, sometimes over several years. They occur during sporting activities, walking and other physical activities. When this pain may not be the symptom of the knee, and is a consequence of the fracture, crushing of the meniscus or injury. If the patient feels a strong discomfort, it is surely because of osteoarthritis of the knee joint of grade 2. To avoid the feeling of pain, the man tries to spend more time at the stop, but after the resumption of the physical activity of the discomfort always comes back.
This kind of symptom, such as the deformation, which accompanies the arthrosis deformans of the knee joint. It is visible on the second or third stages of the disease. The first symptoms: the knee is slightly opuhlo, but retains its shape. The last phase occurs a change of its shape, which can even make one leg shorter or longer. Sick of the pain of drinking this type of medication, as chondroprotectors (contribute to the reconstruction of the cartilage).
Synovitis (fluid accumulation in the articular cavity) also reports on the development of the disease. If the liquid is too large, there may occur so-called cyst-Baker – the tumor on the joint of the wall of the joint. Elastic cyst becomes visible when the knee is flattened. Easy to process with the aid of the intervention of the doctor.
One of the symptoms of the most characteristic is the crunch, which is visible disease on 2 and 3 stages. The main thing – to distinguish nasal creaking of the joints of a healthy man and the deaf, a sharp crackling sound in the patient. It results in weakness of the apparatus of ligament or of their great mobility. To ensure the rest the joints for a patient, it is recommended to wear knee with osteoarthritis.
The limits of the mobility of the knee in the latter stages of the disease. By doing this, the patient can not completely flatten or even bend the leg, as it causes a severe pain. If the disease reaches the 3 steps, the knee can be completely still, which is due to the fusion of joints. It is the state requires the use of injections, ointments or other treatments and medicines, to relieve pain, and the intervention of surgeons, in effect, a massage, typical or traditional are powerless to accrete to the bone.
The stage of gonarthrosis
There are three stages of the knee:
- since the beginning of the first phase until visible manifestations of the disease, months or years. The man complained of pain in the legs, that occur regularly. This concerns in particular the first steps of the stairs to the top or the bottom, or during ascent of bed in the morning. The photos may show a narrowing of the interarticular slot. Generally, instead of the hike to a specialist, patients are often used in folk ointments, dyes and drugs;
- the second stage is characterized by intense pain, which may or may not stop, even when the rest of the members. They are accompanied by a crackling sound. In the joint cavity can accumulate fluid, and x-rays show the beginning of deformation and expansion of the bone. The patient at this stage, by all means limit the number of movements sick at the end. To reduce the discomfort of a specialist can prescribe the injections and the reception chondroprotectors;
- on the last, the third phase, the pain is constant, and often escalates at the time of the change in weather conditions. X-rays show large deformations of the tribe, which can only be repaired by surgery, the patient should drink a special complex chondroprotectors. The patient changes the approach: osteomyelitis of the knee joint that is conducive to walking, either on a slightly bent legs, or waddle.
The treatment of the disease
The treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee joint is directly dependent on the severity of the disease of the knee. A chronic character of the pathology that will help you to only to the remission phase (and when the manifestations of the disease are reduced to a minimum or none at all). Physiotherapy in connection with the use of drugs, in particular, chondroprotectors, gives positive results.
The objectives of treatment are:
- the reduction of the pain;
- the restoration with the help of different means, of cartilage and ligaments of the device;
- the increase in the amplitude of movements in the industry.
Among the methods of treatment are distinguished:
- the use of drugs (chondroprotectors);
- surgery doctors;
- the recovery of PHYSIOTHERAPY, physiotherapy, massage, and other means).
Medication, also known under the name of chondroprotectors, it is true may find just one doctor. Their it is strictly forbidden to name themselves, as chondroprotectors themselves are fairly powerful drugs.
All appointed by the honey. the drugs aim to:
- removal of the pain and the inflammation. To do this, in the cavity of the articulation are introduced hormonal drugs and non-acne-hormonal-type;
- the improvement of the blood supply to the leg. To do this, there are medications that can remove the spasm of the vessels or muscles;
- the healing of cartilage tissue. Designed for preparations of all kinds of chondroprotectors who have distinguished themselves by the force of the impact on the affected joint. They feed on the substances necessary for cartilage, the tissue. Chondroprotectors also able to assist the body in the creation of new cartilage tissue.
The drug produce it in form of ointments, pitting and other means.
In addition, a popular means of healing and massage with osteoarthritis of the knee joint. Properly conducted by a physician massage with the application of the ointment, allows you to relax permanently tight muscles near the victim's disease of the knee, which will reduce the pain (but not for the worst strokes). A massage with an ointment is used to increase the number of movements, made by the feet, correct the position of the bones, even at home, increase the blood flow. If the disease is passed into the third phase, iup an ointment or a prick already does not work, and will require surgery. The doctor implante o the patient, the metal of the prosthesis, which aims to replace the non-functional part of the leg. These stents need to be changed in a few years, and the operation itself is quite expensive.
Restorative justice, the complex includes exercises with osteoarthritis of the knee joint, which the patient will have to perform under the strict supervision of your doctor. These exercises have the objective:
- improve the blood circulation;
- improve muscle tone at home. For example, physical therapy requires an in-patient training on simulators.
Physiotherapy
In addition, the most popular are the methods of physiotherapy (UHF and ultrasound therapy, light treatment), which at least are not essential, but can help greatly speed up the healing process. The treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee joint with the help of the physiotherapy is efficient, so that decreases the sensation of pain. Specific techniques of physiotherapy, depending on the degree of development of the disease defined by the doctor. In addition, the composition of the rehabilitation includes injections of pain reduction, the subsidiary of ointments and other.
Gymnastics
Gymnastics with arthritis of the knee joint is one of the main methods that allow you to develop atrophied muscles. The CFLS with osteoarthritis of the knee joint must be done carefully, slowly. If the patient feels the resumption of the pain, it is necessary to stop the course. During a training session practical and useful to apply menus to knee with osteoarthritis.
In the rehabilitation group also includes these orthopedic treatments type. They put in place to reduce the load on the knee, the smooth transfer on a cane, dentures. Many experts of the knee with osteoarthritis. This will help the patient ease of walking, making it the least painful.
The plan
As regards the special schemes with osteoarthritis, then it is usually, often, aiming to reduce the weight of the patient, as in the majority of cases, a large weight contributes to the overload of the joints. The food includes eating small portions about every 3 hours. To reduce the weight in the daily diet it is necessary to add leaner meats (chicken, turkey, rabbit) and remove the fat (mutton, pork). Vegetable protein should take legumes. For the respect of the diet in the diet should occur, the replacement of refined products over crude oil, as well as to reduce the consumption of salt.
Cure plan provides for the refusal or the minimum of the consumption, conservation, smoked and fried foods (suppressant). For all restore the cartilage, you must provide your body with complex carbohydrates (cereals, flour products of wheat). The power supply should also be included fruit juices (carrot, beet, apple). They will withdraw from the body of toxins and reduce the impact of inflammatory processes.
In the diet must be present fish and the jelly that it is a kind of cartilage, and helps create new cartilage. It should be recalled that the regime should not affect the self – the better option will be able to choose only a physician-nutritionist (specialist regimes).
The traditional methods
Particular attention should be paid to popular struggle against the disease (treatment in home). Many ointments, compresses, and other popular dyes, which offer the healers and lovers of traditional medicine, based on herbs, the medicine of bile, which improves the blood circulation in the diseased joint. The action of the ointment is designed to improve blood circulation, relaxation of the muscles. With this tool, often make compresses. Their efficiency is very high, which is why this method sometimes doctors use and in traditional medicine (in combination with medication). The pads must also be worn headbands made of wool, which warm the wound. Of course, the means of the population can hardly be of significant help with osteoarthritis 3 degrees, but a subsidiary of the medicinal properties of the popular methods to do not be overlooked, because they remove the discomfort and eliminate the main symptoms of the disease.
Among the most popular recipes of remedies that can be applied to the home release:
- a poultice of horseradish. According to the recipe, to enhance the medicinal properties of horseradish, it is recommended to pre-crushing and boil. Then, it is necessary to apply it to the affected site;
- a poultice of iodine, the medicine of bile, ammonia, glycerin, and honey. All the ingredients of this popular mixture is blended, leave to infuse for 10 days, and then to apply on patients knees. This type of medication is very effective;
- a poultice of cabbage leaf. It is made from fresh leaves of cabbage, moistened may with honey, and applied to the leg. Strengthens the curative effect of the wool insulation or a polyethylene film. It is a tool suitable for people of all age groups;
- the ointment devjasila with vodka.
Osteoarthritis of the knee joint is quite diverse treatment to the right patient choose physicians given its age and physiological characteristics. This may be injections, ointments, knee with osteoarthritis and other medications. For the prevention and the fight against the disease at an early stage can be used for PHYSIOTHERAPY with osteoarthritis of the knee joint. With the proper and timely treatment, a person can save money and do not cause a great damage to the health.